| We measured annual growth
         increments on 77 individuals of Lemaireocereus aragonii, a columnar cactus growing at Palo Verde. Most of
         the height growth of this cactus occurs during the dry
         season when most of the canopy trees are leafless. Relative
         growth rates of L.
         aragonii varied considerably
         among years. The variation in growth was directly related to
         the total precipitation of the previous year and inversely
         related to the amount of precipitation that occurred during
         the dry season. El Nino years produce conditions unfavorable
         to the growth of L.
         aragonii: low total rainfall may
         inhibit moisture recharge following the previous dry season,
         and high dry season precipitation may result in increased
         leaf retention in canopy trees (resulting in lower light
         levels).    
       |  Waxy bands deposited yearly make
         it possible to measure the annual height growth of
         L. aragonii  
       |