Ritual, Temples and Imperial Institutions
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Brashier, K.E. Ancestral Memory in Early China. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center for the Harvard-Yenching Institute, 2001.
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Chow, Kai-wing. 1994. The Rise of Confucian Ritualism in Late Imperial China: Ethics, Classics, and Lineage Discourse. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
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Elman, Benjamin A. and Alexander Woodside, eds. Education and Society in Late Imperial China, 1600-1900. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994.
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Huang Jinxing黃進興. Shengxian yu shengtu 聖賢與聖徒. Taibei: Yunchen, 2001.
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Huang Xun 黃訓. Huang Ming mingchen jingji lu 皇明名臣經濟錄. 2 vols. Jiajing 嘉靖 (1521-66) ed. Taibei: Xuehai chubanshe 學海出版社, 1984.
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Ji Tian si Kong 祭天祀孔. Zhengfu gongbao fenlei huibian 政府公報分類會編, Vol. 21. Shanghai: Saoye shanfang 掃葉山房, 1915.
Jin Zhizhi 金之植 and Song Hong 宋鈜. Wenmiao li yue kao 文廟禮樂考. 1691. Kongzi wenhua daquan 孔子文化大全. Jinan: Shandong youyi chubanshe 山東友宜出版社.
Jing, Jun. The Temple of Memories. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1996.
Johnson, David. Spectacle and Sacrifice: The Ritual Foundations of Village Life in North China. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2009.
Keightley, David. The Ancestral Landscape: Time, Space, and Community in Late Shang China, ca. 1200–1045 B.C. Berkeley, 2000.
Kong Chuan 孔傳. Dongjia zaji 東家雜記. 1134. Kongzi wenhua daquan 孔子文化大全. Jinan: Shandong youyi chubanshe 山東友宜出版社, 1990.
Kong Decheng 孔德成. Kongzi shijia pu 孔子世家譜. 1937. Kongzi wenhua daquan 孔子文化大全. Jinan: Shandong youyi chubanshe 山東友宜出版社.
Kong Fanyin 孔繁銀. Yansheng gongfu jianwen 衍聖公府見聞. Jinan: Ji Lu shushe 齊魯書社, 1992.
Kongfu dang’an xuanbian 孔府當案選編. 2 vols. Zhongguo shehui kexue yuan 中國社會科學院 and Qufu wenwu guanli weiyuanhui 曲阜文物管理委員會. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju 中華書局, 1982.
Kong jiao hui zazhi 孔教會雜誌. Shanghai. 1 (May-Nov., 1913) 4-10.
Kong Jifen 孔繼汾. Kongshi jiayi 孔氏家儀. 1765. Kongzi wenhua daquan 孔子文化大全. Jinan: Shandong youyi chubanshe 山東友宜出版社, 1989.
Kong Jifen 孔繼汾. Queli wenxian kao 闕里文獻考. 1762. Taibei: Zhongding wenhua gongsi, 1967.
Kong Shangren 孔尚任. Kongzi shijia pu 孔子世家譜. 1684. Taibei: Guoli zhongyang tushuguan 國立中央圖書館, 1969.
Kong Yuancuo 孔元措. Kongshi zuting guangji 孔氏祖庭廣記. 1227. Sibu congkan 四部叢刊.
Kong Zhaozhen 孔昭楨. Kongshi zongpu: nanzong shipu 孔氏宗譜南宗世譜. Shili tang 詩禮堂 ed., 1918.
Kong Zhencong 孔貞叢. Queli zhi 闕里誌. Wanli 萬曆 (1609) ed.
Lam, Joseph S.C. “East Asian Court Musics in Historical and Cultural Perspectives.” Enciclopeida Della Musica, III (2003). edited by Jean-Jacque Nattiez, 247-78. Torino: Giulio einaudi editore, 2003.
Lam, Joseph S.C. “Huizong’s Ritual and Musical Insignia.” Journal of Ritual Studies 19/1 (2005): 1-18.
Lam, Joseph S.C. "Musical Confucianism: The Case of ‘Jikong yuewu’," in Thomas A. Wilson, ed., On Sacred Grounds: Culture, Society, Politics, and the Formation of the Cult of Confucius (Institute for East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 2002), 134-172.
Lam, Joseph S.C. State Sacrifices and Music in Ming China: Orthodoxy, Creativity, and Expressiveness. SUNY, 1998.
Lam, Joseph S.C. “The Presence and Absence of Female Musicians and Music in Confucian China.” Gender and Text in Pre-Modern China, Korea, and Japan: The Making and Unmaking of Confucian Worlds, edited by Dorothy Ko, JaHyun Kim Haboush and Joan Piggot, 97-120. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2003.
Lan Zhongrui 藍種瑞. Wenmiao dingji pu 文廟丁祭譜. 1845. Kongzi wenhua daquan 孔子文化大全. Jinan: Shandong youyi chubanshe 山東友宜出版社, 1989.
Lee, Thomas H. Government Education and Examinations in Sung China. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1985.
Li Zhizao 李之藻. Pan’gong liyue shu 頖宮禮樂疏. 2 vols. 1618. Taibei: Guoli zhongyang tushuguan 國立中央圖書館, 1970.
Lü Yuanshan 呂元善. Shengmen zhi 聖門志. 1613. Congshu jicheng 叢書集成, 1937.
Luo Chenglie 駱承烈. Qufu shi ji baiti 曲阜史跡百題. Jinan: Ji Lu shushe 齊魯書社, 1987.
McMullen, David. State and Scholars in Tang China. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Meyer, Jeffrey. The Dragons of Tiananmen: Beijing as a Sacred City. Columbia, S.C., 1991.
Ming hui yao 明會要. 2 vols. Nineteenth century. Long Wenbin 龍文彬. Taibei: Shijie shuju 世界書局, 1956.
Mingdai dang’an shiliao 明代檔案史料. Ed. Zhong Zunxian 鍾遵先, et al. Qufu Kongfu dang’an shiliao xuanji 曲阜孔府檔案史料選編. Ser. 2. Jinan: Ji Lu shushe 齊魯書社, 1980.
Murray, Julia K. “Illustrated Hagiographies of Confucius,” “Kong zhai,” and “Confucianism in Art.” Entries for the RoutledgeCurzon Encyclopedia of Confucianism, edited by Xinzhong Yao. London: RoutledgeCurzon Taylor & Francis Group, 2003. Vol. 1, pp. 99-101 and 338-339; and Vol. 2, pp. 478-480.
Murray, Julia K. “Portraits of Confucius: Icons and Iconoclasm.” Oriental Art 47 no. 3 (2001): 17-28.
Murray, Julia K. “The Temple of Confucius and Pictorial Biographies of the Sage.” Journal of Asian Studies 55 no. 2 (May 1996): 269-300.
Murray, Julia K. “Varied Views of the Sage: Illustrated Narratives of the Life of Confucius.” In On Sacred Grounds: Culture, Society, Politics, and the Formation of the Temple of Confucius, edited by Thomas A. Wilson. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002. Pp. 222-264.
Naquin, Susan. Peking: Temples and City Life, 1400–1900. Berkeley, 2000.
Neskar, Ellen G. “The Cult of Worthies: A Study of Shrines Honoring Local Confucian Worthies in the Sung Dynasty (960-1279).” Ph.D. diss. Columbia University, 1993.
Pang Zhonglu 龐鍾璐. Wenmiao sidian kao 文廟祀典考. 1865. Taipei: Zhongguo liyue xuehui 中國禮樂學會, 1977.
Puett, Michael. To Become a God: Cosmology, Sacrifice, and Self-Divinization in Early China. Cambridge, Mass., 2002.
Qin Huitian 秦惠田. Wuli tongkao 五禮通考. Wenyuange Siku quanshu 文淵閣四庫全書, 1779.
Qing huidian 清會典. Kun’gang 崑岡, et al. Guangxu 光緒 (1899) ed.
Qingdai dang’an shiliao 清代檔案史料. Ed. Luo Chenglie 駱承烈, et al. Qufu Kongfu dang’an shiliao xuanji 曲阜孔府檔案史料選編. Ser. 3. Jinan: Ji Lu shushe 齊魯書社, 1980.
Qiu Jun 邱濬. Daxue yanyi bu 大學衍義補. 1487. Wenyuange Siku quanshu 文淵閣四庫全書, 1779.
Qufu xianzhi 曲阜縣志. 1774. Comp. Pan Xian 潘相. Taibei: Xuesheng shuju 學生書局, 1968.
Qu Jiusi 瞿九思. Kongmiao liyue kao 孔廟禮樂考. 1609. Naikaku Bunko 內閣文庫 ed.
Quzhou fuzhi 衢州府誌. 1564. Zhao Tang 趙鏜. Library of Congress microfilm of Beiping tushuguan Rare Book collection.
Quzhou fuzhi 衢州府志. 1711. Yang Jingru 楊兢如. Rev. ed. Liu Guoguang 劉國光, 1882.
Rawski, Evelyn S. The Last Emperors: A Social History of Qing Imperial Institutions. Berkeley, 1998.
Shandong shengzhi: Kongzi gulizhi 山東省志孔子故里志. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju 中華書局, 1994.
Shaughnessy, Edward. “From Liturgy to Literature,” Before Confucius: Studies in the Creation of the Chinese Classics (SUNY, 1997), 165-95.
Shryock, John K. The Origin and Development of the State Cult of Confucius. New York: American Historical Association, 1932. Reprinted, New York: Paragon Book Reprint Corp., 1966.
Sommer, Deborah. Chinese Religion: An Anthology of Sources. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Sommer, Deborah . “‘Ch’iu Chün (1421-1495) ‘On the Conduct of Sacrificial Offerings.’” Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1993.
Sommer, Deborah. “Destroying Confucius: Iconoclasm in the Confucian Temple” in On Sacred Grounds: Culture, Society, Politics, and the Formation of the Cult of Confucius, edited by Thomas A. Wilson. (Cambridge: Harvard East Asian Monographs, 2002), pp. 95-133.
Sommer, Deborah. “Images into Words: Ming Confucian Iconoclasm.” National Palace Museum Bulletin 14 (1994): 1-24.
Sommer, Deborah. “Ritual and Sacrifice in Early Confucianism: Contacts with the Spirit World,” in Confucian Spirituality, Volume I, edited by Mary Evelyn Tucker and Tu Wei-ming. (New York: Crossroad Publishing Company, 2003), pp. 197-218.
Song Ji 宋際 and Qing Chang 慶長. Queli guangzhi 闕里廣誌. Tongzhi 同治 (1870) ed.
Song Lian 宋濂. Wenxian ji 文憲集. 1781. Wenyuange Siku quanshu 文淵閣四庫 全書.
Sterckx, Roel. Food, Sacrifice, and Sagehood in Early China. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
Stuart, Jan, and Evelyn Rawski. Worshiping the Ancestors: Chinese Commemorative Portraits. Stanford, Calif., 2001.
Tang huiyao 唐會要. 2 vols. 961. Ed. Wang Bo 王溥 et al. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 1992.
Tao Shiyu 陶士槱. Kongzi sheng dasi kao 孔子升大祀考. Yiwen zhai Yang Zigang pai 藝文齋楊子岡排, 1911.
Tao Xisheng 陶希聖. “Kongzi miaoting zhong Han ru ji Songru di weici” 孔子廟庭中漢儒及宋儒的位次. 2 pts. Shihuo yuekan 食貨月刊 2 (Apr. 1972): 9-29; (May 1972): 81-97.
Taylor, Romeyn. “Official and Popular Religion and the Political Organization of Chinese Society in the Ming.” In Orthodoxy in Late Imperial China, ed. Kwang-ching Liu, 126-57. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.
Wang Su 王肅. Kongzi jiayu 孔子家語. Shanghai: Xin wenhua shushe 新文化書社, 1933.
Wenxian tongkao 文獻通考. 1322. Ma Duanlin 馬端臨. Shitong 十通 ed. Shanghai: Shangwu yinshu guan 商務印書館, 1936.
Wechsler, Howard. Offerings of Jade and Silk: Ritual and Symbol in the Legitimation of the T’ang Dynasty. New Haven, 1985.
Wilson, Thomas A. Genealogy of the Way: The Construction and Uses of the Confucian Tradition in Late Imperial China. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995.
Wilson, Thomas, ed. On Sacred Grounds: Culture, Society, Politics and the Formation of the Cult of Confucius. Cambridge, Mass., 2003.
Wilson, Thomas A. “Ritualizing Confucius/Kongzi: The Family and State Cults of the Sage of Culture in Imperial China,” in Thomas A. Wilson, ed., On Sacred Grounds: Culture, Society, Politics, and the Formation of the Cult of Confucius (Institute for East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 2002), 43-94.
Wilson, Thomas A. “Sacrifice and the Imperial Cult of Confucius,” History of Religions 41 (Feb. 2002) 3: 251-87.
Wilson Thomas A. “The Cultic Confucius in the Imperial Temple and Ancestral Shrine,” Lives of Confucius (Doubleday, 2010), 165-191.
Wilson, Thomas A. “孔子祭祀与儒家的仪式思想” (Sacrifices to Confucius and Confucian ritual thought), 西方中國史研究論叢 (Collection of Western scholarship on Chinese history), 上海古籍出版社 (Shanghai Classics Publishing House), 2011
Wilson, Thomas A. “Confucianism: The Imperial Cults,” Encyclopedia of Religion 2nd Edition, Macmillan Reference, 2004
Wilson, Thomas A. “The Ritual Formation of Confucian Orthodoxy and the Descendants of the Sage.” The Journal of Asian Studies 55.3 (Aug. 1996): 559-584.
Xu Tianlin 徐天麟. Dong Han huiyao 東漢會要. 1226. Taibei: Shijie shuju, 1980.
Xu tong dian 續通典. 1783. Ji Huang 嵇璜, et al. Shitong 十通 ed. Shanghai: Shangwu yinshu guan 商務印書館, 1936.
Xu wenxian tongkao 續文獻通考. 1787. Ji Huang 嵇璜, et al. Shitong 十通 ed. Shanghai: Shangwu yinshu guan 商務印書館, 1936.
Xu Yingpu 徐映璞. Kongzhi nanzong kaolue 孔氏南宗考略. 1946. In Nanzong shengdi: Quzhou Kongshi jiamiao 南宗聖地衢州孔氏家廟, 1989. Quzhou: Internal documents 內部資料.
Xu zizhi tongjian 續資治通鑑. 1801. Bi Yuan 畢沅. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju 中華書 局, 1957.
Yang, C. K. Religion in Chinese Society: A Study of Contemporary Social Functions of Religion and Some of Their Historical Factors. Berkeley, 1961.
Yü, Anthony C. State and Religion in China: Historical and Textual Perspectives. Chicago: Open Court, 2005.
Zhang Chaorui 張朝瑞. Kongmen chuandao lu 孔門傳道錄. 1594. Yao Lixuan 姚履旋, et al. ed., 1598. University of Chicago Library.
Zito, Angela. Of Body and Brush: Grand Sacrifice as Text/Performance in Eighteenth-Century China. Chicago, 1997.
Zizhi tongjian 資治通鑑. 10 vols. 1067. Sima Guang 司馬光. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju 中華書局, 1966.
Kongzi / Confucius
Analects. 1979. Trans. D. C. Lau. Middlesex, Eng.: Penguin Books.
Chin, Annping. The Authentic Confucius: a Life of Thought and Politics. New York: Scribner, 2007.
Creel, Herlee. Confucius, The Man and the Myth. New York: John Day, 1949.
Csikszentmihalyi, Mark. "Confucian and the Analects in the Han," Confucius and the Analects: New Essays (Oxford, 2000), 134-62.
Ebrey, Patricia. "Portraiture and Ancestor Rituals"
Goldin, Paul R. Confucianism. Berkeley, CA: University of California, 2011.
Gu Jiegang 顧頡剛. “Chunqiu shidai de Kongzi he Handai de Kongzi” 春秋時代的 孔子 和漢代的孔子. Gu Jiegang gushi lunwen ji 顧頡剛論文集. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju 中華書局, 1988.
Jensen, Lionel M. “The Invention of ‘Confucius’ and His Chinese Other, ‘Kong Fuzi.’” positions 1 (Fall, 1993) 2: 414-49.
Jensen, Lionel M. “Wise Man of the Wilds: Fatherlessness, Fertility, and the Mythic Exemplar, Kongzi.” Early China 20 (1995): 408-437.
Lu Wensheng and Julia K. Murray. Confucius: His Life and Legacy in Art. New York: China Institute, 2010.
Mungello, David E. Curious Land: Jesuit Accommodation and the Origins of Sinology. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1985.
Nylan, Michael and Thomas Wilson, Lives of Confucius: Civilization's Greatest Sage Through the Ages (Doubleday, 2010).
Waley, Arthur, trans. The Analects of Confucius. London: Allen & Unwin; paperback reprint, New York: Vintage Books, 1938.
Yao, Xinzhong. An Introduction to Confucianism (Cambridge University Press, 2000).
Zhou Yutong 周予同. “Weichan zhong de Kongsheng yu tade mentu” 緯讖中的孔聖與他的門徒. Zhou Yutong jingxue shi lunzhu xuanji 周予同經學史論著選集. Ed. Zhu Weizheng 朱維錚. Shanghai: Renmin chubanshe 人民出版社, 1983.
Zhu Weizheng 朱維錚. “Lishi de Kongzi yu Kongzi de lishi” 歷史的孔子與孔子的歷史. Zouchu zhongshiji 走出中時紀, 222-239. Shanghai: Renmin chubanshe 人民出版社, 1987.
Zhu Weizheng. “The Confucius of History and the History of Confucius.” Coming Out of the Middle Ages: Comparative Reflections on China and the West, 63-80. Trans. Ruth Hayhoe. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 1990.
Classical works (translations and Chinese editions)
For early Chinese sources, the original date of completion or publication follows book title, which is followed by the edition used, and the date of that edition.
Analects. Trans. D. C. Lau. Middlesex, Eng.: Penguin Books, 1979.
Ariel, Yoav. K’ung-ts’ung-tzu: The K’ung Family Masters’ Anthology. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989.
Baihu tong shuzheng 白虎通疏證. Ed. Chen Li 陳立. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju 中華書局, 1994.
Chen Chun 陳淳. Beixi ziyi 北溪字義. Xuehai Tang 學海堂重刊 reprint ed., 1883.
Chen Chun. Neo-Confucian Terms Explained. Trans. Wing-tsit Chan. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.
Chunqiu Gongyang zhuan zhushu 春秋公羊傳注疏. Comp. Gongyang Shou 公羊壽 (aka Gao 高). Commentary He Xiu 何休. Annotated Xu Yan 徐彥. In Shisan jing zhushu (q.v.).
Chunqiu Guliang zhuan zhushu 春秋穀梁傳注疏. Comp. Guliang Chu 穀梁俶 (aka Chi 赤). Commentary Fan Ning 范甯. Annotated Yang Shixun 楊士勛. In Shisan jing zhushu (q.v.).
Chunqiu wei yan Kong tu 春秋緯演孔圖. Ca. 100 CE. Commentary Song Jun 宋均. In Yuhan shanfang ji yishu 玉函山房輯佚書. Comp. Ma Guohan 馬國翰.
Chunqiu Zuozhuan zhengyi 春秋左傳正義. Comp. Zuoqiu Ming 左丘明. Commentary Du Yu 杜預. Annotated Kong Yingda 孔穎達. In Shisan jing zhushu (q.v.).
Elman, Benjamin A. Classicism, Politics, and Kinship: The Ch’ang-chou School of New Text Confucianism in Late Imperial China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.
Fingarette, Herbert. Confucius–The Secular as Sacred. New York: Harper & Row, 1972.
Fu Qian 服虔. Chunqiu Zuoshizhuan jieyi 春秋左氏傳解誼. In Yuhan shanfang ji yishu 玉函山房輯佚書. Comp. Ma Guohan 馬國翰.
Gan Pengyun 甘鵬雲. Jingxue yuanliu kao 經學源流考. 1938. Taibei: Guangwen shuju 廣文書局, 1977.
Gardner, Daniel K. The Four Books: The Basic Teachings of the Later Confucian Tradition (Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 2007).
Hall, David L. and Roger T. Ames. Thinking Through Confucius. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1987.
Jia Kui 賈逵. Chunqiu Zuoshizhuan jiegu 春秋左氏傳解詁. In Yuhan shanfang ji yishu 玉函山房輯佚書. Comp. Ma Guohan 馬國翰.
Kramers, Robert. K’ung Tzû Chia Yü: The School Sayings of Confucius. Leiden: E.J Brill, 1950.
Lan Zhongrui 藍種瑞. Wenmiao dingji pu 文廟丁祭譜. 1845. Kongzi wenhua daquan 孔子文化大全. Jinan: Shandong youyi chubanshe 山東友宜出版社, 1989.
Legge, James, trans. Confucian Analects. The Chinese Classics, Vol. 1. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1893.
Lewis, Mark E. Writing and Authority in Early China. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1999.
Liji zhengyi 禮記正義. Commentary Zheng Xuan 鄭玄. Annotated Kong Yingda 孔穎達. In Shisan jing zhushu (q.v.).
Liu Xiang 劉向. Shuo yuan jiaozheng 說苑校證. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju 中華書局, 1987.
Lüshi Chunqiu 呂氏春秋. Gao Buwei 高不韋 and Gao You 高誘. Ed. Bi Yuan 畢沅 (1789). Zhuzi jicheng 諸子集成 ed. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju 中華書局, 1954.
Lunyu zhengyi 論語正義. 1866. Comp. Liu Baonan 劉寶楠. Zhuzi jicheng 諸子集成 ed. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju 中華書局, 1954.
Lunyu zhushu 論語注疏. He Yan 何晏 and Xing Bing 邢昺. In Shisan jing zhushu (q.v.).
Mengzi zhengyi 孟子正義. Ed. Jiao Xun 焦徇. Zhuzi jicheng 諸子集成 ed. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju 中華書局, 1954.
Pi Xirui 皮錫瑞. Jingxue tonglun 經學通論. Taibei: Shangwu yinshu guan 商務印書館, 1969.
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© Thomas A. Wilson 2010